Green Revolution in Africa: Merging of Indigenous Knowledge and Other Knowledge Systems Through User

IntroductionAt the Africa Leadership Awardsco-operative means an autonomous association of
Ceremony held in South Africa the formerpersons united voluntarily to meet their common
president of Zambia, dr. Kenneth Kaunda pleadedeconomic and social needs and aspirations through
for a Green Revolution in Africa in order to meeta jointly owned and democratically controlled
hunger and poverty by working together as aenterprise organized and operated on
people of one continent. This plea was made inco-operative principles"The specific type of
the belief that "in unity there is strength" (Eze,co-operation of interest is labeled the user
2006). This amongst other, demands a rethinkingco-operative. Philip (2003) defines a user
of how synergism can be established betweenco-operative as a co-operative in which the
the knowledge systems available in the globalmembers are users of the services of the
village and the available indigenous knowledgeco-operation, without any necessary employment
systems in Africa to develop appropriaterelationship with the enterprise. This type of
knowledge and processes to address theco-operation is in contrast to the worker
particular problems and opportunities of this richco-operation, in which workers in an enterprise
endowed continent. Too date, little interact hasown and control the enterprise. The user
happen between indigenous knowledge productionco-operative model is preferred as a model to
in Africa and global knowledgemerge indigenous knowledge systems with
production.Neglecting proper integration of thesescientific knowledge systems as it carries with it
two important knowledge systems may over thethe ability to mobilize wide participation from local
long term have a detrimental effect on thecommunities and from researchers operating in
development efforts of Africa. In this regard Hartthe scientific domain creating huge potential for
(2006) remarked that both forms of knowledgeinnovative but context specific discoveries across
are evidence of dynamic processes ofmany spectrums of life. By following such an
observation, investigation and experimentation,approach a development strategy and
that both can include and adapt externalcompetitive advantage can be formulated suitable
innovations and should therefore be treated asto the particularities of a specific environment.In
equal to contributing to scientific knowledge andorder to synergised meaningful participation
only differs with regard to resources at itsbetween the scientific community and people
disposal.PurposeThe purpose of this article is topossessing indigenous knowledge it is imperative
indicate that the establishment of sector specificthat the functioning of the user co-operatives are
user co-operatives in Africa that source on thefounded on sound principles. Ximiya (2004)
knowledge systems of both the global village andidentified the following universal principles and
the indigenous knowledge systems may supportvalues on which and co-operative should be
and facilitate a Green Revolution in Africa tofounded:· Membership should be open and
defeat hunger and stimulate development.voluntarily;
Pursuing this objective will ensure that proposed· Democratic member control should be
improvements and development plans account forestablished;
the specific and particular cultural foundations - on· Members should be able to accept the
which the behaviour and values of each societyresponsibilities of membership;
on the content is based - in all development· Member economic participation and equity;
initiatives. The result of this could certainly lead to· Autonomy and independence;
better contextualised innovations and· The co-operative shouldt provides
development approaches. An integrated approacheducation and training to its members and
could ensure in the words of Albrow (1999) thatemployees"; and
change in society "... does not occur independent· The co-operative should behave in a social
of particular types of society".Establishingresponsible manner.However, to bridge the big gap
indigenous -scientific knowledge co-operativethat exists between the creators of the two
movements to merge knowledge systemsIt canknowledge systems interventions like drawing in
thus be deducted that the integration of scientificother role players like financial institutions,
knowledge with indigenous knowledge (In thisgovernments and development agencies may be
article indigenous knowledge refers to therequired to overcome mental model bottlenecks
knowledge created by a particular community atbetween those involved, to map out a way
a particular location on the African continent thatforward in overcoming these bottlenecks and to
was not influenced by the global knowledgeensure productive and fruitful participation by all.
system.) would enable societies to developBy so doing the user co-operative chooses to be
according to the needs, aspirations, particularitiesan integral part of the social sector in which it
and heritage of specific types of societies. Anoperates with distinct legal and development
instrument available to society to facilitate such avalues with the primary aim of fulfilling the needs
process is through the establishment ofof their members coming from different
co-operative movements in specific sectors ofknowledge systems and the particular
community life.At the highest level, a tertiarycommunity.ConclusionThrough the development of
co-operative should be established whosea strong user-co-operative movement, embedded
objective should be to advocate and engagein indigenous and scientific knowledge systems,
organs of state, the private sector andthe energies, resources and skills of all people in
stakeholders on behalf of its members to merge,communities can be mobilized and harnessed to
harness and grow the integration of indigenouscontribute to the development and organisation of
and scientific knowledge in order to developAfrica.BibliographyAlbrow, M. 1999. Sciology: The
societies in a contextualised manner. The principlebasics. London: Routledge.
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be used in conjunction with scientific knowledgeEze, M.A. 2006. Kick poverty out of Africa -
for innovation purposes and to make newKaunda. AU Magazine. 1(6). 18-19.
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environment.Although many types ofway forward for small farmers? HSRC Review.
co-operatives can be established like agricultural3(2). 10-11.
co-operatives, housing co-operatives, marketingPhilip, K. 2003. Co-operatives in South Africa: their
and supply co-operatives and consumerrole in job creation and poverty reduction. South
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by the Government Gazette (2005) namely:" A